Fermentation is that process that converts sugar contents to acid and alcoholic components. The process takes place with the growth of microorganisms which results in a growth of a different chemical product. At most cases, fermented food is better than the original food. It becomes more digestible, and at the same time has a better texture and an appealing flavor as well.
The word fermentation comes from the word 'fervere' which means to boil. The word describes the action of yeast on different extracts of fruit that are converted to alcohol.
Fermented food existed for many ages and from the earliest of times. They were in the form of beer, wine, and bread that was usually fermented using yeast.
Only in the 1850s did man slowly understand the scientific procedure of fermentation. Louis Pasteur, the renowned chemist, and microbiologist, produced two forms of amyls alcohol by fermentation which lead to a clear understanding of fermentation and its process. He also understood the fact that fermentation happens with the help of yeast. Though fermentation was practiced for thousands of years in human history, it is in the past two hundred years that scientist has understood how exactly things are being fermented.
Fermentation has done amazing things over the years. It has been used to produce industrial chemicals, medicines, and even antibiotics. Alcoholic beverages which play a major part in today's society is also made with the help of fermentation of different natural food items like cereals and fruits. Preservation of food items also has its roots in the process of fermentation. The Chinese have even used fermentation processes to treat many illnesses such as skin infections in the past.
